Fundamentals of biological recognition elements

Abstract

This chapter provides a general outline of biorecognition receptors and their use and development. In introduction, brief information is given about biosensors and their methods. In the second part, details are offered about biorecognition receptors used in biosensor systems as well as immobilization methods and measurement principles. In this chapter, biorecognition receptors are divided according to their structural activity: protein-based biorecognition, peptide-based biorecognition, nucleic acid–based biorecognition and whole cell–based biorecognition. Biorecognition receptors are divided based on structural activity because these molecules may be used according to their catalytic and affinity properties. The advantages and disadvantages of artificial and natural biorecognition receptors are discussed. The overall principles, types of bonding, and pros and cons of these types are reviewed in the conclusion. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.