Role of heterogeneous catalysts for advanced oxidation process in wastewater treatment

Abstract

Water is one of the prime substances for all plants, animals, and human for their survival. If there was no water, we cannot imagine life on earth and clean water is equally important for humans. Therefore, at present, we have to find out the way to use water from wastewater. Advanced oxidation process is excellent technique to remove organic and hybrid materials through chemical treatment procedures. In advanced oxidation process (AOP), various types of chemical materials are used. For the synthesis of chemicals, green synthesis of compounds has received great scientific attention for a decade, this is due to the economic and environmental benefits as an alternative to chemical methods. Its byproducts are nontoxic reagents that are eco-friendly. Green synthesis is used for different approaches, e.g., water splitting, renewable energy, catalytic applications, sensors, gas absorption, etc. Currently, heterogeneous catalyst is one of the most promising candidate in industrial societies due to their good thermal and chemical stability, well-defined surfaces and functionalized structure with different type of materials, which have suitable area for the reactions. Thus, heterogeneous catalysts are also known as surface catalysts. With remarkable surface properties and structural modifications, we can enhance their performances as well. In this chapter, we focus on the basic concepts of different types of heterogeneous catalysts, metal oxides, perovskites, graphene, double-layered hydroxides, and metal organic frameworks (MOFs), various techniques for the synthesis with emphasis in green synthesis, scope, importance in AOPs, and in wastewater treatment.