A novel smart disinfection system using 3D-printed and electrically conductive composite hydrogel

Abstract

Smart materials are ushering in the era of smart and adaptable products. Hydrogels are a distinct class of smart materials that can be 3D-printed to produce smart and active structures that can be used as sensors and actuators. The development and characterization of a 3D-printable and electrically conductive composite hydrogel, as well as its application in the development of a smart disinfection system, are discussed in this article. The developed composite hydrogel has a maximum electrical conductivity of 145 S.m-1, is stable up to 200 degrees C, and has a 3D printable rheology. Virtuous of its electrical conductivity, the composite hydrogel was used to create a smart disinfection system. Various disinfection systems have been adopted for the disinfection of contaminated surfaces; however, most of these systems require human evacuation from the surroundings due to the hazardous nature of the virucide. The proposed system is designed to disinfect contaminated surfaces on common-use equipment and is capable of real-time activation through user interaction. It employs a thermal disinfection process at 60 degrees C for 5 min and becomes ready for the next user once its temperature drops below 55 degrees C. This system consumes 1.64 Wh of energy per disinfection cycle and is suitable for scenarios with fewer than 60 user interactions in an 8-h work shift.