Researcher:
Yelimlieş, Alper

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Alper

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Yelimlieş

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Yelimlieş, Alper

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2022 - 20232

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    Terminal flourishes but not trills differ between urban and rural Chaffinch song
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023) Atalas, Berkay; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; Department of Psychology; Yelimlieş, Alper; Önsal, Çağla; Akçay, Çağlar; Undergraduate Student; Master Student; Faculty Member; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/A; N/A; 272053
    Animals can evade interference from anthropogenic noise using strategies such as shifting frequencies upwards or increasing the duration of their signals. In this study, we compared the time and frequency-related characteristics of songs and rain calls of Common Chaffinches Fringilla coelebs inhabiting rural forests and an urban park in Turkey. Most of the song phrases and rain calls did not differ in any of the characteristics measured between urban and rural Chaffinches but, contrary to our predictions, terminal flourish phrases of the songs had lower minimum frequencies and broader bandwidth in urban territories. These results suggest either that noise has limited effect on the Chaffinch vocalizations or that Chaffinch vocalizations in urban habitats are less well adapted for efficient transmission. © 2023 British Ornithologists' Union.
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    Is there a survival processing efect in metacognition?
    (Springer Heidelberg) Alper; Akcay,; N/A; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; Çabuk, Dilan; Yelimlieş, Alper; Eskenazi, Terry; Teaching Faculty; Undergraduate Student; Faculty Member; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/A; N/A; 258780
    Memory systems serve an adaptive function for the fitness of organisms. A good example of this is the Survival Processing Effect (SPE) which points to increased retention of information when it is processed in a survival context compared to other contexts. Survival processing may also affect metacognitive processes, by increasing confidence judgments as well as increasing metacognitive sensitivity. No previous study, however, has directly examined whether processing information for survival also has an effect on metacognitive processes. Here we ask whether SPE extends to the metacognitive system in terms of both metacognitive sensitivity and confidence bias. In Experiment 1 participants were asked to rate a list of words in terms of relevance in a survival scenario or a moving scenario. In a surprise old/new recognition test, they were given one word at a time and asked to indicate if they have rated the presented word before and state how confident they are in that choice. Surprisingly, the results did not reveal a SPE, which may have been due to high overall performance in the recognition task. In Experiment 2 we increased the level of difficulty of the memory task, which resulted in a robust SPE, but could not find this effect in metacognitive monitoring. Together, these results suggest that survival processing may not affect metacognitive processes in a reliable fashion.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Aggression and multi-modal signaling in noise in a common urban songbird
    (Springer, 2022) Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; Akçay, Çağlar; Yelimlieş, Alper; Önsal, Çağla; Faculty Member; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 272053; N/A; N/A
    Anthropogenic noise may disrupt signals used to mediate aggressive interactions, leading to more physical aggression between opponents. One solution to this problem is to switch signaling effort to a less noisy modality (e.g., the visual modality). In the present study, we investigate aggressive behaviors and signaling in urban and rural male European robins (Erithacus rubecula) in response to simulated intrusions with or without experimental noise. First, we predicted that urban birds, living in noisier habitats, would be generally more aggressive than rural birds. We also predicted that during simulated intrusions with experimental noise, robins would increase their physical aggression and show a multi-modal shift, i.e., respond with more visual threat displays and sing fewer songs. Finally, we expected the multi-modal shift in response to noise to be stronger in urban birds compared to rural birds. The results showed that urban birds were more aggressive than rural robins, but an increase in aggression with experimental noise was seen only in the rural birds. Urban but not rural birds decreased their song rate in response to noise. Contrary to the multi-modal shift hypothesis, however, there was no evidence of a concurrent increase in visual signals. These results point to a complex role of immediate plasticity and longer-term processes in affecting communication during aggressive interactions under anthropogenic noise. Significance statement Human activity has an enormous effect on wildlife, including on their social behavior. Animals living in urban areas often tend to be more aggressive than those living in rural areas, which may be due to urban acoustic noise making communication between individuals more difficult. In a study with a common songbird, the European robin, we investigated the role of urban acoustic noise in aggression and territorial communication. Urban robins were more aggressive than rural robins, and additional noise in the territory increased aggression in rural but not urban robins. While urban robins decreased their singing effort with additional noise, they did not increase visual signals concurrently. These results suggest that noise can indeed make animals behave more aggressively although the effect may depend on how noisy it is already. These results further our understanding of how human-made noise changes animal communication and social behavior.