Natural disaster notifications and early warning systems

Abstract

An increasing number of disasters, such as floods, are known to be linked to climate change. Some of the major hazards include earthquakes, water scarcity, limited access to clean water, psychological trauma, famine, and malnutrition. Early warning systems (EWS), which are based on advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), satellite observations, and advanced modeling tools, have been widely used for the prediction of disasters for early notification and mitigation of their impact on people and the environment. These technologies can help to collect data on soil moisture, land movement, rainfall intensity, detection of high-risk areas, etc. for effective disease impact management, comprehensive disaster mitigation, identification of regions prone to slope failure, landslides, and road damage, provision of critical flow for real-time modeling for treatment facilities or hospitals in case of disasters, and use of IoT (Internet of Things) controlled devices such as gates, valves, and pumps to prevent and combat natural disasters. Our aim in this chapter is to define the types of key technologies for disaster/emergency preparedness and mitigation.