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International students and labour marketoutcomes of US-born workers

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Do international students graduating from US colleges and universities affect labour market outcomes of similarly educated native-born workers? I address this question by exploiting a change in US visa policy that results in increases in the labour supply of master's-level international students to the US labour market in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields. Estimates show that increases in their labour supply via temporary work permits in a certain field reduce employment of recently graduated native-born holders of a master's degree but increase earnings of experienced native-born holders of a master's degree in the same field. These findings support the hypothesis of substitution between skills of similarly educated immigrants and native-born individuals in the same age group and complementarity between skills of those in different age groups. Resume etudiants internationaux et debouches sur le marche du travail pour les citoyens nes aux etats-Unis. A diplome egal, les etudiants internationaux sortant des universites et colleges americains ont-ils un impact sur les debouches des travailleurs nes dans le pays sur le marche de l'emploi? Je pose cette question en exploitant les changements en matiere de politique de visas aux etats-Unis ayant eu pour consequence une augmentation du nombre d'etudiants qui detient une maitrise sur le marche du travail americain, notamment dans les secteurs des sciences, des technologies, de l'ingenierie et des mathematiques (STIM). Dans certains secteurs, les evaluations montrent que l'augmentation de la main d'oeuvre decoulant de l'octroi de permis de travail temporaires a engendre une reduction du nombre d'emplois devolus aux detenteurs d'une maitrise fraichement diplomes et nes dans le pays, tout en permettant aux plus competents d'entre eux d'augmenter leurs revenus. Ces constatations soutiennent l'hypothese d'une substitution entre les competences des immigrants et celles des natifs a diplome egal pour un meme groupe d'age, et d'une complementarite differents groupes d'age.

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Wiley

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Economics

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Canadian Journal of Economics / Revue canadienne d'économique

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10.1111/caje.12478

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