Tailoring the morphology of cost-effective vanadium diboride through cobalt substitution for highly efficient alkaline water oxidation

Abstract

Design and development of efficient, economical, and durable electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are of key importance for the realization of electrocatalytic water splitting. To date, VB 2 and its derivatives have not been considered as electrocatalysts for water oxidation. Herein, we developed a series of electrocatalysts with a formal composition of V1-xCoxB2 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2) and employed them in an oxygen-evolving reaction. The incorporation of Co into the VB2 structure caused a dramatic transformation in the morphology, resulting in a super low overpotential of 200 mV at 10 mA cm(-2) for V0.9Co0.1B2 and displaying much greater performance compared to the noble-metal catalyst RuO2 (290 mV). The longevity of the best-performing sample was assessed through the exposure to the current density of 10 mA cm(-2), showing relative durability after 12 h under 1 M KOH conditions. The Faradaic efficiency tests corroborated the initiation of OER at 1.45 V (vs RHE) and suggested a potential region of 1.50-1.55 V (vs RHE) as the practical OER region. The facile electron transfer between metal(s)metalloid, high specific surface area, and availability of active oxy-hydroxy species on the surface were identified as the major contributors to this superior OER performance.