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A practical and case-based approach to thrombocytopenia in cardiology practice

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SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
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Kardiyoloji pratiğinde trombositopeniye olgu bazlı ve pratik yaklaşım

Abstract

In cardiology practice, anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapies are essential for most patients. As of yet, there is no high quality evidence regarding these treatments in thrombocytopenic patients, which continues to be an issue. Thrombocytopenia is defined as a platelet count of <150x10(9)/L and is classified as severe when the platelet count is <50x10(9)/L. Pseudothrombocytopenia, drug-induced thrombocytopenia, immune thrombocytopenia, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura are some of the main causes of thrombocytopenia. The current treatment suggestions are conservative, as a result of the lack of evidence, built on defensive treatment strategies and the fear of bleeding complications. Many patients with acute myocardial infarction with thrombocytopenia have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention successfully with adjunctive antiplatelet and anticoagulant use, as has been described in case reports. A risk-benefit ratio should be evaluated for antiplatelet therapy. In the relevant guidelines, while full dose low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is recommended for patients with a thrombocyte count of >50x10(9)/L, a half-dose of LMWH is recommended in patients with thrombocytopenia between 25 and 50x10(9)/L. According to the current guidelines, avoiding antiplatelet and anticoagulant treatment should be restricted to patients with very severe thrombocytopenia (i.e., a platelet count <25x10(9)/L), but new data and recommendations are needed. / Kardiyoloji pratiğinde atikoagülan ve antitrombosit tedaviler birçok hasta için vazgeçilmezdir. Bu tedaviler trombositopenik hastalarda büyük bir sorundur ve bu hastalarda kanıt derecesi yüksek veriler bulunmamaktadır. Trombositopeni, trombosit sayısı <150x109 /L olarak tanımlanırken, ciddi trombositopeni, trombosit sayısı <50x109 /L olarak tanımlanmıştır. Psödotrombositopeni, ilaca bağlı trombositopeni, immün trombositopeni, heparine bağlı trombositopeni, trombotik trombositopenik purpura trombositopeninin ana nedenlerinden bazılarıdır. Kanıt yokluğunda tedavi önerileri konservatif, kanama komplikasyonundan çekinilen, defansif tedavi stratejilerinin üzerine kurulmuştur. Trombositopenisi olan birçok akut miyokart enfarktüslü hastanın başarılı acil perkütan koroner girişime gittiği olgu sunumları ile rapor edilmiştir. Bu nedenle antitrombosit tedaviler fayda zarar oranına göre verilmelidir. Konuyla ilgili rehberlerde de düşük molekül ağırlıklı heparinlerin trombosit sayısı >50x $10^9$ /L olan hastalarda tam doz, trombosit sayısı 25–50x $10^9$ /L olan hastalarda da yarı dozda verilmesi önerilmektedir. Güncel rehberlerde ciddi trombositopenisi olan hastalarda (trombosit sayısı <25x $10^9$ /L) antitrombosit ve antikoagülan tedavilerin kesilmesi önerilmektedir fakat bu konuda yeni kanıtlara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

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Kare Publishing

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Cardiac and cardiovascular systems

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Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi - Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology

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10.5543/tkda.2018.76968

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Sustainable Development GoalsOpen Access
03 - Good Health and Well-being
Over the last 15 years, the number of childhood deaths has been cut in half. This proves that it is possible to win the fight against almost every disease. Still, we are spending an astonishing amount of money and resources on treating illnesses that are surprisingly easy to prevent. The new goal for worldwide Good Health promotes healthy lifestyles, preventive measures and modern, efficient healthcare for everyone.

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