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Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14288/3
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Publication Metadata only Face and emotion recognition in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia, ultra-high risk for psychosis, unaffected siblings, and healthy controls in a sample from Turkey(Elsevier, 2024) Sağdıç, Meylin; Erciş, Mete; Üçok, Alp; İzgi, Büşra; Eser, Hale Yapıcı; Kuşçu, Kemal; Graduate School of Health Sciences; School of MedicineFace and emotion recognition are crucial components of social cognition. We aimed to compare them in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia (SCZ), ultra-high risk for psychosis (UHR), unaffected siblings of schizophrenia patients (SIB), and healthy controls (HC). Methods: One hundred sixty-six participants (45 SCZ, 14 UHR, 45 SIB, and 62 HC) were interviewed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5). Positive and Negative syndrome scale (PANSS), PennCNB Facial Memory (CPF), and Emotion Recognition Task (ER40) were applied. Results: In CPF, SCZ performed significantly lower than SIB and HC. SIB was also significantly lower than HC for total correct responses. The sample size of the UHR group was small, and the statistical comparisons did not reach a significance, however, a trend towards decreased performance between the SCZ and SIB was found. In ER40, SCZ performed significantly lower than HC and SIB in all domains, except for the insignificant findings for angry ER between SIB and SCZ. SIB also performed significantly lower than HC for angry, negative, and total ER. UHR was similar to SCZ for happy and sad ER and performed significantly lower than HC for happy ER. The effect of SCZ diagnosis on the efficiency of CPF and ER40 was significant when corrected for age and education. For SCZ, PANSS also significantly affected the CPF and ER40. Conclusion: Our findings suggest varying levels of face and emotion recognition deficits in individuals with SCZ, UHR, and SIB. Face and emotion recognition deficits are promising schizophrenia endophenotypes related to social cognition.Publication Metadata only Baseline prepulse inhibition dependency of orexin A and REM sleep deprivation(Springer, 2024) Öz, Pınar; Kamali, Osman; Gör, Ceren; Uzbay, İsmail Tayfun; Saka, Hacer Begüm; Graduate School of Health SciencesRationalePrepulse inhibition (PPI) impairment reflects sensorimotor gating problems, i.e. in schizophrenia. This study aims to enlighten the role of orexinergic regulation on PPI in a psychosis-like model.ObjectivesIn order to understand the impact of orexinergic innervation on PPI and how it is modulated by age and baseline PPI (bPPI), chronic orexin A (OXA) injections was carried on non-sleep-deprived and sleep-deprived rats that are grouped by their bPPI.MethodsbPPI measurements were carried on male Wistar rats on P45 or P90 followed by grouping into low-PPI and high-PPI rats. The rats were injected with OXA twice per day for four consecutive days starting on P49 or P94, while the control groups received saline injections. 72 h REMSD was carried on via modified multiple platform technique on P94 and either OXA or saline was injected during REMSD. PPI tests were carried out 30 min. after the last injection.ResultsOur previous study with acute OXA injection after REMSD without bPPI grouping revealed that low OXA doses might improve REMSD-induced PPI impairment. Our current results present three important conclusions: (1) The effect of OXA on PPI is bPPI-dependent and age-dependent. (2) The effect of REMSD is bPPI-dependent. (3) The effect of OXA on PPI after REMSD also depends on bPPI.ConclusionOrexinergic regulation of PPI response with and without REMSD can be predicted by bPPI levels. Our findings provide potential insights into the regulation of sensorimotor gating by sleep/wakefulness systems and present potential therapeutic targets for the disorders, where PPI is disturbed.Publication Metadata only An examination of the mediating role of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies in the complex relationship between interpersonal needs and suicidal behavior(Frontiers Media Sa, 2024) Bakhshesh-Boroujeni, Michael; Farajpour-Niri, Sepideh; Hekmati, Issa; Asgarabad, Mojtaba Habibi; Department of Psychology; Eskin, Mehmet; Department of Psychology; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Social Sciences and HumanitiesBackground: Studies have shown that psychological factors, notably interpersonal needs and emotion regulation, play a significant role in suicidal behavior. Interpersonal needs are significant contextual components that affect emotion regulation and contribute to a wide range of dysfunctional behaviors, such as suicidal behavior. It has been postulated that emotion regulation mediates the associations between proximal and distal risk factors of suicidal behavior. Method: The sample consisted of 340 community-dwelling individuals (62.5% women;SD = 0.48) with an age range of 18 through 55 (M = 30.23;SD = 8.54) who completed the interpersonal needs questionnaire, the suicide behaviors questionnaire-revised, and the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire. The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach was utilized to evaluate a mediation model. Results: The findings indicate that interpersonal needs (i.e., perceived burdensomeness r = .55, p <.01 and thwarted belongingness r = .25, p <.01) and putatively maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies (i.e., self-blame;r = .38, p <.01, catastrophizing;r = .55, p <.01, rumination;r = .40, p <.01, and other blame;r = .44, p <.01) have strong associations with suicidal behavior, and these strategies have a mediating effect on the association between interpersonal needs and suicidal behavior. Conclusions: Our findings show that contextual-interpersonal needs, which underpin suicidal behavior, are significantly influenced by maladaptive emotional processes. Thus, therapeutic outcomes might be enhanced by focusing on the content of the associated cognitions and trying to reduce maladaptive regulatory processes like rumination and catastrophization.Publication Metadata only Effectiveness of mindful self-compassion therapy on psychopathology symptoms, psychological distress and life expectancy in infertile women treated with in vitro fertilization: a two-arm double-blind parallel randomized controlled trial(BMC, 2024) Sahraian, Kimia; Jahromi, Bahia Namavar; Cheung, Ho Nam; Ciarrochi, Joseph; Asgarabad, Mojtaba Habibi; Abdollahpour Ranjbar, Hamed; Graduate School of Social Sciences and HumanitiesObjectivesInfertility is a prominent problem affecting millions of couples worldwide. Recently, there has been a hightened emphasis on elucidating the subtle linkages between infertility treatment leveraging assisted reproductive technology and the complex realm of psychological challenges, as well as efforts in implementation of psychological interventions.The Mindful Self-Compassion (MSC) program seeks to improve self-compassion, compassion for others, mindfulness, and life satisfaction while reducing depression, anxiety, and stress. In the current study, an MSC intervention was performed on infertile women (IW) undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) to assess the effectiveness of this intervention in reducing psychological distress and psychopathological symptoms and enhancing life expectancy.MethodsFifty-seven IW undergoing IVF were randomly allocated to two groups: MSC (n = 29) or treatment as usual (TAU; n = 28). Participants in MSC met once a week for two hours for eight weeks and attended a half-day meditation retreat. The Synder's Hope questionnaire and the Revised 90-Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R) were used as the primary outcome measures. Data were obtained before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, and two months post-intervention. Repeated measures of ANCOVA and paired t-tests in all assessment points were used to compare the MSC and the TAU groups in outcomes.ResultsIn the MSC group, hopelessness, anger-hostility, anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity difficulties, and depression were significantly reduced compared with the TAU group, and those improvements persisted at the two-month follow-up. Reliable change index revealed that the MSC group's gains were both clinically significant and durable.ConclusionsMSC can facilitate higher life satisfaction and mental well-being for IW undergoing IVF by reducing psychological distress, psychopathological symptoms, and hopelessness. These encouraging findings call for more research into the effectiveness of mindfulness-based therapies in addressing psychological problems among IW undergoing IVF.Publication Metadata only The effect of online laughter therapy on depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness among nursing students during the Covid-19 pandemic(Elsevier, 2022) Öztürk, Fatma Özlem; Kerman, Kader Tekkaş; Faculty Member; School of Nursing; 34111Background: Nursing students experienced mental symptoms when they switched to distance education due to the pandemic. Aims: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of online laughter therapy sessions on depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness levels in first-year nursing students. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 61 healthy nursing students were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 32) and control groups (n = 29). The intervention group received online laughter therapy twice weekly for four weeks. The control group received no intervention. The data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, and the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale at the study initiation and week four in both groups. Results: There was no difference between the mean scores of the groups in the pre-test (p > 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between groups in terms of depression after online laughter therapy sessions (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between anxiety, stress, and loneliness levels (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Online laughter therapy sessions significantly reduced depression but had no effect on anxiety, stress, and loneliness. During the COVID-19 pandemic, online laughter therapy can be organized to reduce depression levels.Publication Metadata only New formulations of stimulants: an update for clinicians(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 2019) Steingard, Ronald; Connor, Daniel F.; Markowitz, John S.; Stein, Mark A.; Taşkıran, Ali Sarper; Other; School of Medicine; N/AIn the last 15 years, there has been a marked increase in the number of available stimulant formulations with the emphasis on long-acting formulations, and the introduction of several novel delivery systems such as orally dissolving tablets, chewable tablets, extended-release liquid formulations, transdermal patches, and novel "beaded" technology. All of these formulations involve changes to the pharmaceutical delivery systems of the two existing compounds most commonly employed to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), amphetamine (AMP) and methylphenidate (MPH). In addition to these new formulations, our knowledge about the individual differences in response has advanced and contributes to a more nuanced approach to treatment. The clinician can now make increasingly informed choices about these formulations and more effectively individualize treatment in a way that had not been possible before. In the absence of reliable biomarkers that can predict individualized response to ADHD treatment, clinical knowledge about differences in MPH and AMP pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and metabolism can be utilized to personalize treatment and optimize response. Different properties of these new formulations (delivery modality, onset of action, duration of response, safety, and tolerability) will most likely weigh heavily into the clinician's choice of formulation. To manage the broad range of options that are now available, clinicians should familiarize themselves in each of these categories for both stimulant compounds. This review is meant to serve as an update and a guide to newer stimulant formulations and includes a brief review of ADHD and stimulant properties.Publication Metadata only Awareness of identity alteration and diagnostic preference between borderline personality disorder and dissociative disorders(Taylor & Francis, 2017) Alioğlu, Firdevs; Akyüz, Gamze; N/A; N/A; N/A; N/A; Şar, Vedat; Tayakısı, Emre; Öğülmüş, Fatma Ezgi; Sönmez, Doğuş; Faculty Member; Undergraduate Student; Undergraduate Student; Undergraduate Student; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; 8542; N/A; N/A; N/AAim: This study inquires into identity alteration among college students and its relationship to borderline personality disorder (BPD) and/or dissociative disorders (DDs). Methods: Steinberg Identity Alteration Questionnaire (SIAQ), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and self-report screening tool of the BPD section of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-BPD) were administered to 1301 college students. Participants who fit the diagnostic criteria of BPD (n=80) according to the clinician-administered SCID-BPD and 111 non-BPD controls were evaluated using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV DDs (SCID-D) by two psychiatrists blind to the group membership and scale scores. Results: Test-retest evaluations and internal consistency analyses suggested that SIAQ was a reliable instrument. of the participants, 11.3% reported a SIAQ score 25 or above alongside some impairment. SIAQ scores differentiated participants who fit the diagnostic criteria for a DD from those who did not. While self-report identity alteration was correlated with all childhood trauma types, clinician-assessed identity alteration was correlated with childhood sexual abuse only. Those who fit criteria for both disorders had the highest identity alteration scores in self-report and clinician-assessment. Although both syndromes had significant effect on self-report identity alteration total scores, in contrast to DD, BPD did not have an effect on the clinician-administered evaluation. Conclusion: An impression of personality disorder rather than a DD may seem more likely when identity alteration remains subtle in clinical assessment, notwithstanding its presence in self-report. Lack of recognition of identity alteration may lead to overdiagnosis of BPD among individuals who have a DD.Publication Metadata only The role of socioeconomic adversity and armed confict in executive function, theory of mind and empathy in children(Springer, 2021) Kara, Buket; Department of Psychology; Selçuk, Bilge; Faculty Member; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 52913This study investigates the role of socioeconomic adversity and armed conflict in executive function (EF), theory of mind (ToM) and empathy in a rarely studied group, children living in eastern Turkey. The data were collected from 115 children (60 girls) aged 39 to 95 months (M = 68.22, SD = 14.62). Results revealed that children's performance was low in the EF and ToM tasks, and high in the empathy task. In path analysis, controlling for age, armed conflict experience predicted lower EF (beta = - 0.15) and higher empathy (beta = 0.21), and socioeconomic adversity predicted lower ToM (beta = 0.20). These findings contribute to our knowledge on cognitive and emotional development of children who live in such disadvantaged contexts.Publication Metadata only Reduced anterior cingulate gray matter volume and thickness in subjects with deficit schizophrenia(Elsevier, 2013) Takayanagi, Mizuho; Wentz, Jacqueline; Takayanagi, Yoichiro; Schretlen, David J.; Wang, Lei; Suzuki, Michio; Sawa, Akira; Barta, Patrick E.; Ratnanather, J. Tilak; Cascella, Nicola G.; Department of Mathematics; Ceyhan, Elvan; Faculty Member; Department of Mathematics; College of Sciences; N/ABackground: Patients with deficit schizophrenia (D-SZ) differ from patients with the non-deficit form of schizophrenia (ND-SZ) in several aspects such as risk factors, neurobiological correlates, treatment response and clinical outcome. It has been debated if brain morphology could differentiate D-SZ from ND-SZ. Anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) region regulates cognitive and emotional processing and past studies reported structural changes in this region in patients with SZ. Methods: 1.5-T 3D MRI scans were obtained from 18 D-SZ patients, 30 ND-SZ patients and 82 healthy controls (HCs). We used FreeSurfer-initalized labeled cortical distance mapping (FSLCDM) to measure ACG gray matter volume, cortical thickness, and area of the gray/white interface. Furthermore, cortical thickness was compared among the 3 groups using the pooled labeled cortical distance mapping (LCDM) method. Results: The ACG cortex of the D-SZ group was thinner than the ND-SZ group. Pooled LCDM demonstrated that the ACG cortex was bilaterally thinner in both the ND-SZ group and the D-SZ group compared with the control group. The right ACG gray matter volume was significantly reduced in D-SZ patients as compared with healthy controls (p = 0.005 Conclusion: Our data suggest that qualitative, categorical differences in neuroanatomy may distinguish between deficit and non-deficit subtypes of schizophrenia. (C) 2013 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Sleep, depression, anxiety and fatigue in women with premature ovarian insufficiency(Taylor & Francis, 2022) Ates, Seda; Ozcan, Pinar; Bakar, Rabia Zehra; Cetin, Caglar; N/A; Aydın, Serdar; Faculty Member; School of Medicine; 132535Purpose To assess sleep disturbances, levels of anxiety, depression and fatigue in women with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). Materials and methods The study included 62 women with POI and 62 age-matched controls. Women in both groups completed questionnaires. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia severity index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Fatigue Severity Scale were used. Results We found poor sleep quality, higher levels of insomnia in women with POI than in controls. Depression was much more prevalent and severe in POI women. Total anxiety score, the severity of anxiety and fatigue did not differ significantly between the groups. According to the multivariable logistic regression analysis, being married and having POI were associated with worse quality of sleep, and having more children was associated with an increase in depression levels in the whole cohort. Backward analysis showed that when POI status was taken as a reference, married women were at 6.5 fold increased risk of poor sleep quality. Conclusions Women with premature ovarian failure are more likely to suffer from poor sleep quality, insomnia and depression than healthy women.