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Publication Metadata only A cross-cultural analysis of participative decision-making in organizations(Sage, 2003) Sagie, Abraham; Department of Psychology; Aycan, Zeynep; Faculty Member; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 5798Despite considerable awareness about various forms and meanings of participative decision-making (PDM) in different parts of the world, there is less agreement on the causes of variation in PDM. This article argues that among other exogenous (e.g. sociopolitical, legal, historical) forces, the sociocultural context plays an important role in the observed differences among PDM approaches and practices across nations. Similarly, subcultures and organizational cultures may influence PDM within nations. Two cultural dimensions: individualism-collectivism and power distance, are linked with four widespread employee participation approaches: face-to-face PDM, collective PDM, pseudo-PDM, and paternalistic PDM. The attributes of each PDM form, including the cultural determinants, underlying beliefs, the types of decisions made, and the relationship between a specified form and other PDM meanings (e.g. self-managing teams) are elaborated.Publication Metadata only A cross-cultural study of explicit and implicit motivation for long-term volunteering(Sage, 2016) Bender, Michael; Chasiotis, Athanasios; van de Vijver, Fons J. R.; Cemalcilar, Zeynep; Chong, Alice; Yue, Xiaodong; Department of Psychology; Cemalcılar, Zeynep; Aydınlı, Arzu; Faculty Member; PhD Student; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; 40374; N/AWe propose a model of volunteering and test its validity across four cultural groups. We hypothesize that individuals' explicit prosocial motivation relates positively to sustained volunteering, which is conceptualized as a latent factor comprising activity as a volunteer, service length, service frequency, and hours of volunteering. Moreover, we introduced implicit prosocial motivation and hypothesized that the relationship between explicit prosocial motivation and sustained volunteering would be amplified by implicit prosocial motivation. Data were collected from samples in China, Germany, Turkey, and the United States. Results confirmed our expectation that, across cultures, sustained volunteering was associated with explicit prosocial motivation and that the relationship between explicit prosocial motivation and sustained volunteering was strongest when implicit prosocial motivation was also high. By including implicit prosocial motivation, our study offers a novel approach to identifying sustained volunteer involvement, which can be of particular relevance for recruitment activities of voluntary organizations across various cultural contexts.Publication Metadata only A cross-laboratory investigation of timing endophenotypes in mouse behavior(Brill Academic Publishers, 2014) Maggi, Silvia; Garbugino, Luciana; Heise, Ines; Nieus, Thierry; Wells, Sara; Tocchini-Valentini, Glauco P.; Mandillo, Silvia; Nolan, Patrick M.; Tucci, Valter; Department of Psychology; Balcı, Fuat; Faculty Member; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 51269Phenotyping behavioral and cognitive processes is a critical practice in mouse research and reliable phenotypic assessment is an essential component of building well-defined links between genes and behavioral/cognitive functions. The success of behavioral screens in neurobehavioral mouse genetics depends on the identification of reliable, reproducible, and high-throughput behavioral/cognitive measures from individual animals irrespective of the differences in opinions regarding how to tackle phenotyping in different behavioral domains. Furthermore, reliable behavioral assays must be resistant to inevitable environmental differences across laboratories since protocols can be replicated but not all the environmental conditions. Here we present a cross-laboratory study of interval timing behaviors in mice. Two classically used mouse inbred substrains, C57BL/6J and C57BL/6N, were studied over several days in home-cages containing automated testing apparatus. Remarkably, all timing measures in mouse performance showed a robust reproducibility across centers and even small differences between the two substrains were comparable across laboratories. Moreover, we have observed a consistent increase in error rate during the light phase of the light-dark cycle, which suggests that mouse performance during this phase is compromised by a possible sleep inertia-like effect. Overall, our study demonstrates that analysis of mouse timing behavior can lead to robust and reliable endophenotypes in mouse behavioral genetic studies.Publication Metadata only A cross-language evaluation of the Kintsch and Van Dijk model of text comprehension(Psychology Press, 1996) Department of Psychology; Gülgöz, Sami; Faculty Member; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 49200N/APublication Metadata only A decision model of timing(Elsevier Science Bv, 2016) Simen, Patrick; Department of Psychology; Balcı, Fuat; Faculty Member; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 51269The fundamental assumption of pacemaker accumulator models of interval timing is that timed behavior relies on the accumulation of brain-derived clock signals. Following this theoretical tradition, a recent series of interval timing models has formulated the processing dynamics of timing behavior within the drift-diffusion decision theoretic framework, which has been traditionally applied to explain accuracy and response times in perceptual decision making. The generative processes assumed by these models and their key features can be implemented by neural populations given simple assumptions, and their predictions have received recent support from electrophysiological studies. This paper discusses the conceptual links of the diffusion model of interval timing to other prominent timing models and interprets recent electrophysiological evidence in relation to its predictions.Publication Metadata only A longitudinal study of the adaptation of international students in the united states(Sage, 2008) Falbo, Toni; Department of Psychology; Cemalcılar, Zeynep; Faculty Member; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 40374The authors conducted a longitudinal study of international students (N = 90) attending a U. S. university to examine the effects of the initial cross-cultural transition on their psychological well-being and social and academic adaptations. The results indicate a significant decline in self-reports of psychological well-being, increased identification with the host culture, and stable identification with home cultures. Students who exhibit a separation strategy previous to their sojourn have the lowest level of social adaptation to the host culture.Publication Metadata only A new representation of fMRI signal by a set of local meshes for brain decoding(IEEE-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc, 2017) Önal, Itır; Özay, Mete; Vural, Fatoş T. Yarman; N/A; Department of Psychology; Mızrak, Eda; Öztekin, İlke; PhD Student; Faculty Member; Department of Psychology; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/A; N/AHow neurons influence each other's firing depends on the strength of synaptic connections among them. Motivated by the highly interconnected structure of the brain, in this study, we propose a computational model to estimate the relationships among voxels and employ them as features for cognitive state classification. We represent the sequence of functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) measurements recorded during a cognitive stimulus by a set of local meshes. Then, we represent the corresponding cognitive state by the edge weights of these meshes each of which is estimated assuming a regularized linear relationship among voxel time series in a predefined locality. The estimated mesh edge weights provide a better representation of information in the brain for cognitive state or task classification. We examine the representative power of ourmesh edge weights on visual recognition and emotional memory retrieval experiments by training a support vector machine classifier. Also, we use mesh edge weights as feature vectors of inter-subject classification onHuman Connectome Project task fMRI dataset, and test their performance. We observe that mesh edge weights perform better than the popular fMRI features, such as, raw voxel intensity values, pairwise correlations, features extracted using PCA and ICA, for classifying the cognitive states.Publication Metadata only A program to improve cognitive capacities of children(Psychology Press, 2000) Department of Psychology; Gülgöz, Sami; Faculty Member; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 49200N/APublication Open Access A review on complementary natures of tangible user interfaces (TUIs) and early spatial learning(Elsevier, 2018) Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; Göksun, Tilbe; Alaca, Ilgım Veryeri; Yantaç, Asım Evren; Baykal, Gökçe Elif; Faculty Member; Faculty Member; Faculty Member; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; KU Arçelik Research Center for Creative Industries (KUAR) / KU Arçelik Yaratıcı Endüstriler Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi (KUAR); College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 47278; 50569; 52621; N/ASpatial skills are essential for everyday tasks, and technology blends seamlessly into children's everyday environment. Since spatiality as a term is ubiquitous in experience this paper bridges literature in two fields: theories on early spatial learning in cognitive development and potential benefits of tangible user interfaces (TUIs) for supporting very young children's spatial skills. Studies suggest that the period between 2 and 4 years of age is critical for training spatial skills (e.g., mental rotation), which relate to further success in STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts, and math) disciplines. We first present a review of the empirical findings on spatial skills, early interventions, and tools (i.e., narrative and gesture input) recommended for training preschool children's spatial skills. By situating the work within the use and benefits of manipulatives (e.g., building blocks, puzzles, shapes) combined with digital affordances in interaction design, we address the relevance of TUIs as complementary tools for spatial learning. We concentrate on the supporting properties of TUIs that enable playful learning, make storytelling more concrete, and provide embodiment effects through physicality. Through various products found in the market and literature that address the physical–digital convergence, we invite designers and researchers to consider design practices and applicable technology that build on present efforts and paradigms in this area. To contribute to this area, we conclude with a discussion of the gaps in design methods to develop technologies for children younger than 4 years old, and propose directions for future work to leverage new tools that serve very young children's spatial learning and possible inquiries for dual payoff.Publication Metadata only A robust normalization method for fMRI data for brain decoding(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2016) Sucu, Gunes; Akbas, Emre; Vural, Fatos Yarman; Department of Psychology; N/A; Öztekin, İlke; Mızrak, Eda; Faculty Member; PhD Student; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/A; N/AFunctional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) methods produce high dimensional representation of cognitive processes under heavy noise due to the limitations of hardware and measurement techniques. In order to reduce the noise and extract useful information from the fMRI data, a sequence of pre-processing techniques, such as smoothing with spatial filters and z-scoring, are used. In this study, we suggest an additional normalization technique based upon a statistical property of fMRI data. We, first, define a random variable V(t) as the average voxel intensity value of a brain volume measured at a time instant t. Then, we measure the Pearson correlation between V(t) and 1/V(t) for all time instances. We observe that the Pearson correlation values are very close to -1, indicating that V(t) and 1/V(t) have a strong negative correlation. We show that one explanation for this property is V(t) being almost surely constant and the small fluctuations on V(t) caused by noise. The proposed method removes these fluctuations on the data resulting in almost surely constant brain volumes V(t) for all values of t. The effectiveness of the proposed normalization method is tested with well-known brain decoding algorithms and voxel selection methods. It is observed that the suggested normalization method improves the performance 1-2 percent on the average. The method also improves the signal to noise ratio.