Research Outputs
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14288/2
Browse
573 results
Filters
Advanced Search
Filter by
Settings
Search Results
Publication Metadata only “Beware the young doctor and the old barber”: development and validation of a job age-type spectrum(Elsevier, 2021) Reeves, Michael Dennis; Fritzsche, Barbara Ann; Smith, Nicholas Anthony; Ng, Yin Lu; Department of Business Administration; Marcus, Justin; Faculty Member; Department of Business Administration; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 124653Taking a worker-centric approach, with evidence based on the experiences of working individuals, the current study examines the age-related stereotypes of jobs, the characteristics of age-stereotyped jobs, and the consequences of occupying them. In Study 1, we utilize samples of working adults from the US, Turkey, and Malaysia to establish validation evidence for a spectrum of 160 jobs (n = 123 raters per job). Study 1 findings indicate that entry-level jobs and jobs requiring manual labor or the use of technology are younger-typed, whereas senior level jobs and jobs requiring large investments in training or education are older-typed. The age-typing of jobs was found to be similar across countries for the vast majority of jobs. We then provide criterion validity evidence in Study 2, by testing the interactive effects of chronological age, job age-type, and sex on psychological age and perceived age and sex discrimination across samples of workers from these same three countries (n = 1469). Results upheld theoretical predictions based upon career timetables theory, prototype matching theory, and intersectional salience of ageism theory. The interactive effects of chronological age and job age-type were stronger for women than for men; the hypothesized patterns of effects were overall consistent for women but not for men.Publication Metadata only “Do you feel like becoming a leader?” Emotions and the likelihood of self-nomination for leadership(Elsevier Inc., 2022) Department of Psychology; N/A; Aycan, Zeynep; Shelia, Salome; Faculty Member; PhD Student; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; 5798; N/AN/APublication Open Access “No worries, there is no error-free leadership!”: error strain, worries about leadership, and leadership career intentions among non-leaders(Stockholm University Press, 2022) Auvinen, E.; Tsupari, H.; Herttalampi, M.; Feldt, T.; Department of Psychology; Aycan, Zeynep; Faculty Member; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 5798The growing body of research suggests that leadership is not among the most attractive career goals, especially for the younger work force. However, the need for leadership has not diminished. To shed light on the “problem of supply”, this study addresses the question of why high-potential individuals (i.e., non-leaders) do not pursue leadership positions by focusing on worries about leadership (WAL) and error-related strain. We had two aims: (1) to identify different profiles of WAL among highly educated professionals, and (2) to explore whether their error strain and leadership career intentions differ among the identified WAL profiles. Data were gathered from 955 highly educated Finnish employees representing different sectors. WAL was measured by a three-dimensional scale consisting of worries about failure, work-life imbalance, and harming others. Based on the Latent Profile Analysis, six WAL profiles emerged: (1) Average-WAL (37% of respondents), (2) Low-WAL (34%), (3) High-WAL (6%), (4) Failure-sensitive (9%), (5) Imbalance-sensitive (4%) and (6) Harm-sensitive (11%). Professionals in the Low-WAL profile reported the lowest error strain, whereas employees in the profiles of High-WAL and Failure-sensitive reported the highest error strain. Employees in the Low-WALprofile were more willing to pursue a leadership career in an unfamiliar organization compared to employees in other profiles. In addition, employees within the Low-WAL profile were more willing to pursue a leadership career in an unfamiliar organization compared to their home organization. Implications of our findings and future directions are discussed.Publication Metadata only A Bayesian network analysis to examine the effects of HIV stigma processes on self-concept and depressive symptoms among persons living with HIV(Wiley, 2024) Pala, Andrea Norcini; Department of Psychology; Turan, Bülent; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and HumanitiesObjective: This study examines the relationships between HIV stigma dimensions, self-related mechanisms, and depressive symptoms among persons living with HIV. Background: HIV stigma hinders the well-being of individuals living with HIV, which is linked to depressive symptoms and increased risk of poor clinical outcomes. However, the mechanisms underlying stigma's impact on depression are poorly understood. Psychosocial theories propose that experiencing HIV stigma leads to internalized stigma, impacting self-concept and mental health. Method: Using Bayesian network analysis, we explored associations among HIV stigma processes (experienced, anticipated, internalized, perceived community stigma, and HIV status disclosure) and self-related mechanisms (self-esteem, fear of negative evaluation [FNE], self-blame coping, and social exclusion), and depressive symptoms. Results: Our diverse sample of 204 individuals, primarily men, gay/bisexual, Black, and lower-middle SES, who experienced stigma showed increased anticipated, internalized, and perceived community stigma, FNE, and depressive symptoms. Internalized stigma contributed to self-blame coping and higher depressive symptoms. Anticipated and perceived community stigma and FNE correlated with increased social exclusion. Discussion: This study investigates potential mechanisms through which HIV stigma may impact depression. Identifying these mechanisms establishes a foundation for future research to inform targeted interventions, enhancing mental health and HIV outcomes among individuals living with HIV, especially from minority backgrounds. Insights gained guide evidence-based interventions to mitigate HIV stigma's detrimental effects, ultimately improving overall well-being and health-related outcomes for people with HIV.Publication Metadata only A comprehensive investigation of associations of objective and subjective socioeconomic status with perceived health and subjective well-being(Ubiquity Press, 2020) Department of Psychology; N/A; Cemalcılar, Zeynep; Kezer, Murat; Faculty Member; Master Student; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; 40374; N/ASocioeconomic status (SES) accounts for disparities in health and well-being. Recent studies consider the effects of individuals’ subjective standing in society (i.e., subjective SES) as well as the traditional (objective) indicators of SES (i.e., income, education, occupational status), in predominantly Western samples. This study presents a comprehensive investigation of associations of objective and subjective SES with individuals’ perceived health and well-being in a representative sample of young adults (aged 18–35; N = 3016) from a non-WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich and Democratic) population (i.e., Turkey), employing polynomial regressions and plotting the results onto a three-dimensional plane. Findings confirmed the value of polynomial regression to understanding the relationship of different types of SES with perceived health and well-being. For instance, while perceived overall health was descriptively greater when objective-SES exceeded subjective-SES, the reverse was the case for happiness, one indicator of well-being. Our findings also suggest an additive effect of the two types of socioeconomic status on majority of the outcome variables; individuals’ perceptions of overall health, life satisfaction, happiness, and financial satisfaction were enhanced when they reported higher scores on both objective and subjective SES.Publication Metadata only A construal level account of the impact of religion and god on prosociality(Sage, 2020) N/A; N/A; Department of Business Administration; Canlı, Zeynep Gürhan; Karataş, Mustafa; PhD Student; Faculty Member; Department of Business Administration; Graduate School of Business; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; N/A; 16135This research shows that the two most prevalent religious constructs-God and religion-differentially impact cognition. Activating thoughts about God (vs. religion) induces a relatively more abstract (vs. concrete) mindset (Studies 1a-1c). Consequently, time donation intentions (Study 2) and actual monetary donations (Study 3) after a God (vs. religion) prime increase when people are presented an abstractly (vs. concretely) framed donation appeal. Similarly, people donate more money to distant (vs. close) donation targets, which are construed relatively abstractly (vs. concretely), when a religious speech activates predominantly God-specific (vs. religion-specific) thoughts (Study 4). These effects are mediated by "feeling right" under construal level fit (Study 3). Overall, this research significantly advances extant knowledge on religious cognition and past research on the link between religion and prosociality.Publication Metadata only A cross-language evaluation of the Kintsch and Van Dijk model of text comprehension(Psychology Press, 1996) Department of Psychology; Gülgöz, Sami; Faculty Member; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 49200N/APublication Metadata only A cross-linguistic approach to children's reasoning: Turkish- and English-speaking children's use of metatalk(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2024) Hartwell, Kirstie; Köymen, Bahar; Özkan, Fatma Ece; Graduate School of Social Sciences and HumanitiesWhen collaboratively solving problems, children discuss information reliability, for example, whether claims are based on direct or indirect observation, termed as “metatalk”. Unlike English in which evidential marking is optional, languages with obligatory evidential marking such as Turkish, might provide children some advantages in communicating the reliability of their claims. The current preregistered online study investigated Turkish- and English-speaking 3- and 5-year-old children's (N = 144) use of metatalk. The child and the experimenter (E) were asked to decide in which of the two houses a toy was hiding. One house had the toy's footprints. When E left the Zoom meeting, an informant told the child that the toy was in the other house without the footprints in three within-subjects conditions. In the direct-observation condition, the child witnessed the informant move the toy. In the indirect-witness condition, the informant checked both houses and said that the toy was in the other house. In the indirect-hearsay condition, the informant simply said that the toy was in the other house. When E returned, the child had to convince E about how they knew the toy was in the other house using metatalk (e.g., “I saw it move”). Turkish-speaking children used metatalk more often than did English-speaking children, especially in the direct-observation condition. In the two indirect conditions, both groups of 5-year-olds were similar in their use of metatalk, but Turkish speaking 3-year-olds produced metatalk more often than did English-speaking 3-year-olds. Thus, languages with obligatory evidential marking might facilitate children's collaborative reasoning. Research Highlights: Children as young as 3 years of age can produce metatalk. Turkish-speaking children produce metatalk more often than English-speaking children. The difference between the two linguistic groups is more pronounced at age 3.Publication Metadata only A decision model of timing(Elsevier Science Bv, 2016) Simen, Patrick; Department of Psychology; Balcı, Fuat; Faculty Member; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 51269The fundamental assumption of pacemaker accumulator models of interval timing is that timed behavior relies on the accumulation of brain-derived clock signals. Following this theoretical tradition, a recent series of interval timing models has formulated the processing dynamics of timing behavior within the drift-diffusion decision theoretic framework, which has been traditionally applied to explain accuracy and response times in perceptual decision making. The generative processes assumed by these models and their key features can be implemented by neural populations given simple assumptions, and their predictions have received recent support from electrophysiological studies. This paper discusses the conceptual links of the diffusion model of interval timing to other prominent timing models and interprets recent electrophysiological evidence in relation to its predictions.Publication Metadata only A longitudinal study of the adaptation of international students in the united states(Sage, 2008) Falbo, Toni; Department of Psychology; Cemalcılar, Zeynep; Faculty Member; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 40374The authors conducted a longitudinal study of international students (N = 90) attending a U. S. university to examine the effects of the initial cross-cultural transition on their psychological well-being and social and academic adaptations. The results indicate a significant decline in self-reports of psychological well-being, increased identification with the host culture, and stable identification with home cultures. Students who exhibit a separation strategy previous to their sojourn have the lowest level of social adaptation to the host culture.