Can we benefit from the preoperative psychometric test with symptom checklist-90-revised (SCL-90-R) to predict weight loss after sleeve gastrectomy?

Abstract

Background: The psychological assessment is crucial before bariatric surgery. Derogatis’ Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) is one of the most widely used measures of psychological symptoms and distress in both clinical and research settings. We aimed to investigate the predictive value of SCL-90-R subscale scores on postoperative excess weight loss percentage (EWLP) after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Methods: Patients who underwent primary LSG for morbid obesity and fully completed preoperative SCL-90-R between January 2016 and July 2019 were retrospectively examined. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between descriptive and psychological variables associated with EWLP percentage at the 12th-month. Results: One hundred six patients who met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. The adequate weight loss (EWLP ˃ 50%) was achieved in 90% of patients after 12 months. The multiple linear regression analysis indicated that younger patients (β = − 0.695; 95% CI − 1.056, − 0.333; p < 0.001), and patients with preoperative lower BMI (β = − 1.524; 95% CI − 1.974, − 1.075; p < 0.001) achieved higher EWLP at 12th-month. High somatization score (β = 11.975; 95% CI 3.653, 20.296; p = 0.005) and a low Global Severity Index (GSI) score (β = − 24.276; 95% CI − 41.457, − 7.095; p = 0.006) had a positive effect on EWLP at 12th-month. Conclusions: Preoperative psychological testing can help predict surgical outcomes in the bariatric population. More intense lifestyle and behavioral support can be applied by targeting patients who are expected to lose less weight after surgery, and patients’ weight loss potential can be increased.