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Publication Open Access A practitioner’s guide to handling irregularities resulting from the 2014 revisions of the Turkish Household Labor Force Survey(Boğaziçi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi, 2021) Poyraz, Meltem; Department of Economics; Demirci, Murat; Faculty Member; Department of Economics; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 272082We document the implications of the 2014 revisions to the Turkish Household Labor Force Survey and offer guidance on how to handle the irregularities in population and unemployment statistics that resulted from two particular revisions. First, new population projections were adopted to assign survey weights. Second, a narrower definition of unemployment was adopted. We propose methods to adjust the survey weights for the pre-2014 period in order to discern changes in population statistics by age groups and regions without interruption over time and to calculate the unemployment rates according to both broader and narrower definitions since 2004. / Bu çalışmada TÜİK Hanehalkı İşgücü Anketi’ninde 2014 yılında yapılan düzenlemelerden kaynaklanan bazı sonuçları bulguluyor, nüfus ve işsizlik istatistiklerinde yapılan revizyonların özellikle ikisinden kaynaklanan sorunların nasıl ele alınması gerektiği hakkında yol gösteriyoruz. İlk revizyon, anket ağırlıklarının dayandırıldığı yeni nüfus projeksiyonlarının kabul edilmesidir. İkincisi ise, dar tanımlı bir işsizlik tanımına geçilmesidir. Bu çalışmada 2014 öncesindeki anket ağırlıklarını nüfus istatistiklerinde yaş bazında ve bölgesel olarak kopma olmayacak şekilde yeniden ayarlamak ve işsizlik oranlarını geniş ve dar tanımlı olarak 2004 yılından itibaren hesaplamak için yöntemler öneriyoruz.Publication Open Access A social revolution: politics and the welfare state in Iran(The University of Chicago Press, 2019) Department of Sociology; Yörük, Erdem; Faculty Member; Department of Sociology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 28982Publication Open Access A task set proposal for automatic protest information collection across multiple countries(Springer, 2019) Department of Sociology; Department of Computer Engineering; Hürriyetoğlu, Ali; Yörük, Erdem; Yoltar, Çağrı; Yüret, Deniz; Gürel, Burak; Duruşan, Fırat; Mutlu, Osman; Teaching Faculty; Faculty Member; Researcher; Faculty Member; Faculty Member; Researcher; Department of Sociology; Department of Computer Engineering; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Sciences and Engineering; N/A; 28982; N/A; 179996; 219277; N/A; N/AWe propose a coherent set of tasks for protest information collection in the context of generalizable natural language processing. The tasks are news article classification, event sentence detection, and event extraction. Having tools for collecting event information from data produced in multiple countries enables comparative sociology and politics studies. We have annotated news articles in English from a source and a target country in order to be able to measure the performance of the tools developed using data from one country on data from a different country. Our preliminary experiments have shown that the performance of the tools developed using English texts from India drops to a level that are not usable when they are applied on English texts from China. We think our setting addresses the challenge of building generalizable NLP tools that perform well independent of the source of the text and will accelerate progress in line of developing generalizable NLP systems.Publication Open Access Between the state and the world market: small-scale hazelnut production in the Black Sea region(İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınevi, 2020) Erköse, H. Yener; Şahin, Osman; Yükseker, Deniz; Department of Sociology; Sert, Hüseyin Deniz; Faculty Member; Department of Sociology; Graduate School of Social Sciences and HumanitiesTurkey is the world's largest hazelnut producer and exporter, yet hazelnut farmers have been growing hazelnuts in increasingly difficult conditions even for the years when production levels and hazelnut prices are high. In this paper, we take up the contradictions in hazelnut cultivation in Turkey and seek to show that, despite the commonsense opinion that the problem stems from small-scale cultivation, the more important problem is the unequal power relations that exist in the hazelnut market. We make the following arguments in the paper based on some of the findings from the field study we carried out in the Western and Eastern Black Sea regions in 2017. Issues exist regarding productivity and profitability in hazelnut cultivation characterized by small holdings. Hazelnut farmers are often unable to meet the expenditures and investments required for raising productivity. These problems arise more from the farmers' demographic profiles and debt levels and the unequal power relations in the hazelnut market with respect to small-scale production. Therefore, resolving the problems in hazelnut cultivation might require making changes that favor small farmers' power relations in the hazelnut market rather than enlarging holdings. / Türkiye dünyanın en büyük fındık üreticisi ve ihracatçısı konumunda. Ancak fındık üreticileri, bazı yıllar bol mahsul veya mahsullerine iyi fiyat alsalar bile, giderek daha zorlu koşullarda üretim yapıyorlar. Bu yazıda, Türkiye’de fındık üretiminin barındırdığı çelişkileri ele alacağız. Sorunların kaynağında fındık işletmelerinin küçük olmasının yattığı yönündeki genel kabulün aksine, sorunun aslen fındık piyasasındaki eşitsiz güç ilişkilerinden kaynaklandığını göstermeye çalışacağız. 2017’de Doğu ve Batı Karadeniz Bölgeleri’nde yaptığımız alan araştırmasının verilerinin bir bölümünün bulgularına dayanan makalede şu savları ortaya koyuyoruz. Türkiye’de küçük işletmelerde yapılan fındık tarımının verimlilik ve kârlılık konusunda sorunları vardır. Fındık üreticilerinin çoğu verim artırımı için gerekli harcamaları ve yatırımı yapamamaktadırlar. Bu sorunlar, üretim birimlerinin küçük olmasından çok, fındık üreticilerinin demografik profili, borçlanma ve fındık piyasasındaki eşitsiz yapıdan kaynaklanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, fındık üretimindeki sorunların çözülmesi için üretim ölçeğini büyütmekten çok, eşitsiz güç ilişkilerinin hâkim olduğu küresel piyasada üretici lehine değişiklikler yapmak daha uygun olabilir.Publication Open Access Çin’in yükselişi ve yeni kapitalizm(Sosyoekonomi Society, 2018) Department of Sociology; Yörük, Erdem; Faculty Member; Department of Sociology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 28982This article presents a theoretical discussion about the new forms of capitalism in the context of the economic and political rise of China. The article raises a discussion on the changes that the rise of China has instigated in both China and the world capitalism. This is considered in the context of mode of production, international trade, state and capital, by analysing China and capitalism from the perspective of long historical periods. In doing this, the article benefits from the work of and polemics between Giovanni Arrighi, Joel Andreas ve Richard Walker, who provided very important contemporary debates on this issue in the field of historical sociology.Publication Open Access Devlet, sermaye ve kapitalizmin tarihsel sosyolojisi(Mülkiyeliler Birliği Genel Merkezi Yayın Organı, 2018) Department of Sociology; Gürel, Burak; Yörük, Erdem; Faculty Member; Faculty Member; Department of Sociology; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; 219277; 28982This paper makes a brief critical review of the different perspectives on the capital, state, and capitalism of Fernand Braudel and Giovanni Arrighi’s world systems analysis, Charles Tilly’s Weberian-Marxist synthesis, and Robert Brenner and Ellen Meiksins Wood’s Political Marxism. It mainly focuses on the relationships between the territorial logic and capitalist logic, coercion and capital, accumulation of power and capital, and the formation of states and cities. Braudel, Arrighi, and Tilly detected two main historical tendencies. First, capitalist logic of power became powerful enough to transform the territorial logic of power in the longue durée of capitalism. Second, the fusion of the spaces of capital and coercion created the most sustainable resources for war-making and led the nation state to triumph over other state forms. Although the Political Marxist critique is not strong enough to refute the works of these scholars fully, it has significantly contributed to the debates on capitalism by encouraging the construction of a clearer chain of causality on the origins of capitalism.Publication Open Access Digital populism: trolls and political polarization of Twitter in Turkey(University of Southern California, Annenberg School for Communication _ Journalism, 2017) Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Sociology; Bulut, Ergin; Yörük, Erdem; Faculty Member; Faculty Member; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Sociology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 219279; 28982This article analyzes political trolling in Turkey through the lens of mediated populism. Twitter trolling in Turkey has diverged from its original uses (i.e., poking fun, flaming, etc.) toward government-led polarization and right-wing populism. Failing to develop an effective strategy to mobilize online masses, Turkey’s ruling Justice and Development Party (JDP/AKP) relied on the polarizing performances of a large progovernment troll army. Trolls deploy three features of JDP’s populism: serving the people, fetish of the will of the people, and demonization. Whereas trolls traditionally target and mock institutions, Turkey’s political trolls act on behalf of the establishment. They produce a digital culture of lynching and censorship. Trolls’ language also impacts pro-JDP journalists who act like trolls and attack journalists, academics, and artists critical of the government.Publication Open Access Do omnivores perform class distinction? a qualitative inspection of culinary tastes, boundaries and cultural tolerance(Sage, 2021) Hazır, Irmak Karademir; Department of Sociology; Yalvaç, Nihal Simay; Faculty Member; Department of Sociology; Graduate School of Social Sciences and HumanitiesThis article explores the culinary taste repertoires of middle-class people in Turkey who can be defined as omnivores due to their routine engagement with 'lowbrow' food spaces. We aim to understand how they make sense of their boundary crossing and the extent to which this indicates tolerance. We find that our culinary omnivores develop interest in traditional food and tend to cross established boundaries between the traditional and modern to maintain a cosmopolitan palette. However, our analysis identifies certain conditions that foster and limit omnivorous practices, such as mealtime, type of occasion and with whom the food is shared, as well as one's class trajectory, demonstrating how selective people are when they step outside of their original taste profiles. Derogatory comments about the manners of these settings' original clientele suggest that omnivores continue to perform distinction regardless of their openness to 'lowbrow' cultural forms.Publication Open Access Family role in in-patient rehabilitation: the cases of England and Turkey(Taylor _ Francis, 2019) Shakespeare, Tom; Yardımcı, Sibel; Department of Sociology; Bezmez, Dikmen; Faculty Member; Department of Sociology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 101788Purpose: this article explores the differences between experiences of family role in in-patient rehabilitation in Turkey and England. Background: the literature predominantly assumes family presence in rehabilitation as positive, because it draws upon Western cases, where care is delivered fully by professionals, and patients may feel isolated during hospital stays. Analyses of other contexts provide a more nuanced view. Method: this qualitative research included in-depth interviews (Turkey: 42, England: 18) with people with disabilities (n = 39), their families (n = 8) and hospital staff (n = 13); hospital ethnography (Turkey), focus groups (England: 3 groups involving 4 doctors, 5 nurses, 6 therapists), and participant-observation (England: 5 families). Thematic analysis highlights experiences of family involvement across different contexts. Results: Families are differently integrated in rehabilitation in England and Turkey. In England, where family presence is regulated and relatively limited, people with disabilities feel more isolated and see family as a major form of support. In Turkey, where family presence is unregulated and intense, they enjoy family as an agent of intra-hospital socialising, but find it disabling when it implies a loss of privacy and individuality. Conclusion: family involvement in rehabilitation should support social interaction but allow people with disabilities to remain independent. Implications for rehabilitation Family involvement in rehabilitation can be both enabling and disabling. Existing literature draws upon rehabilitation practices, where family presence is limited and perceived as positive. An analysis of cases, where families are integral to the health care system (e.g., Turkey), can provide a nuanced view of family integration, which can be both enabling and disabling. Rehabilitation processes and health professionals need to integrate families in ways that will enrich social interaction, but still allow people with disabilities to retain their independence.Publication Open Access From radiation effects to consanguineous marriages: American geneticists and colonial science in the atomic age(University of California Digital Library, 2022) Department of Sociology; Demirci, Aiko Takeuchi; Faculty Member; Department of Sociology; Center for Asian Studies (KUASIA) / Koç Üniversitesi Asya Çalışmaları Uygulama Ve Araştırma Merkezi (KUASIA); College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 310431NA